Genetics

Very Short Question Answers

Q1. What is pleiotropy?

Q2. What are the antigens causing 'ABO' blood grouping? Where are they present?

Q3. What are the antibodies of 'ABO blood grouping? Where are they present?

Q4. What are multiple alleles?

Q5. What is erythroblastosis foetalis?

Q6. A child has blood group 'O'. If the father has blood group 'A' and mother blood group 'B', work out the genotypes of the parents and the possible genotypes of the other off spring.

Q7. What is the genetic basis of blood types in ABO system in man?

Q8. What is polygenic inheritance?

Q9. Compare the importance of Y- chromosome in human being and Drosophila.

Q10. Distinguish between heterogametic and homogametic sex deter- mination systems.

Q11. What is haplo-diploidy?

Q12. What are Barr bodies?

Q13. What is Klinefelter's syndrome?

Q14. What is Turner's syndrome?

Q15. What is Down syndrome?

Q16. What is Lyonisation?

Q17. What is sex-linked inheritance?

Q18. Define hemizygous condition?

Q19. What is crisscross inheritance?

Q20. Why are sex-linked recessive characters more common in the male human beings?

Q21. Why are sex-linked dominant characters more common in the female human beings?

Q22. What are sex limited characters?

Q23. What are sex influenced characters?

Q24. How many base pairs are observed in human genome? What is the average number of base pairs in a human gene?

Q25. What is 'junk DNA'?

Q26. What are VNTRS?

Q27. List out any two applications of DNA fingerprinting technology.

Short Question Answers

Q1. Briefly mention the contribution of T.H. Morgan to genetics.

Q2. What is pedigree analysis? Suggest how such an analysis, can be useful.

Q3. How is sex determined in human beings?

Q4. Describe erythroblastosis foetalis.

Q5. Mention any two autosomal genetic disorders with their symptoms.

Q6. Describe the genetic basis of ABO blood grouping.

Q7. Describe male heterogamety.

Q8. Describe female heterogamety.

Q9. Describe the Genic Balance Theory of sex determination.

Q10. Explain the inheritance of sex linked recessive character in human being.

Q11. Describe the experiment conducted by Morgan to explain sex linkage.

Q12. Explain the inheritance of sex influenced characters in human beings.

Q13. A man and woman of normal vision have one son and one daughter. Son is colour-blind and his son is with normal vision. Daughter is with normal vision, but one of her sons is colour-blind and the other is normal. What are the genotypes of the father. mother, son and daughter?

Q14. A colour-blind man married a woman who is the daughter of a colour-blind father and mother homozygous normal vision. What is the probability of their daughters being colour-blind?

Q15. A heterozygous bald man who is non haemophilic, married a woman who is homozygous for the non-bald trait and is haemophilic. What is the probability of her male children becoming bald and haemophilie?

Q16. A woman's father shows IP but her mother and husband are normally pigmented. What will be the phenotypic ratio of her children?

Q17. Write the salient features of 'HGP.

Q18. Describe the steps involved in DNA fingerprinting technology.

Long Question Answers

Q1. What are multiple alleles? Describe multiple alleles with the help of ABO blood groups in man.

Q2. Describe chromosomal theory of sex determination.

Q3. What is crisscross inheritance? Explain the inheritance of one sex linked recessive character in human beings.

Q4. Write an essay on common genetic disorders.

Q5. Why is the Human Genome project called a mega project?

Q6. What is DNA fingerprinting? Mention its applications.